Identifying problems in your pond or inhabitants comes with experience.
 Observing the behaviour of your koi is very important.
  The earlier you can detect a problem, the better the chance of
`knocking it on the head' before it becomes serious.

An anaesthatised koi ready for treatment.

This is where we look at the continued good health of your koi.
 I think it's best if we split this page into two sections,
  a) Routine treatment. And b) Individual treatment.

Routine Treatment.

Routine treatment in my own pond would be,  pottassium permanganate at a dose
 of 35 grammes per 5,000 gallons
 sprinkled into the pond in early Spring, and a simular treatment during late Autumn.

This I call preventative treatment as opposed to dealing with one fish with a particular problem.

a microscopic view of gill flukes.

Many koi keepers believe that `if it ain't broke, don't fix it'.
 But for others like myself, prevention is better than cure.

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Individual.

When you have a fish with a problem that doesn't seem to be apparent in the other fish,
 you need to net and bowl it to diagnose the problem prior to treatment.

Unless you are an experienced koi keeper, this is best done by the medical officer of your koi club.

He or she may have to take a scraping from the fish and place it under a microscope
 to identify the problem, and treat the fish as neccessary.

This could mean the use of antibiotics and/or topical tratments.

Carp pox is harmless and non contagious.
 It often appears in Spring and usually disappears
 as the pond temperature rises.

    Carp pox .